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Designed by
Last Update June 2007
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Solar Telescope Instrumentations

This is to inform all observers regarding the specification and technical information of the observatory equipments.

CCD Cameras


The TMB 152/1200 APO and other telescopes on Paramount-ME

as viewed inside the LNSO Dome

1. CCD for Main Telescopes: The SBIG 4-Megapixel STL-4020M

The 4 Megapixel STL-4020M with interline CCDs offer large imaging areas, excellent anti-blooming characteristics and high pixel density at a reasonable cost.


Megapixel STL-4020M (SBIG)

The built-in filter carousel accepts both 50mm unmounted round filters and filters mounted in 48mm threaded cells. Filter selection is accomplished with the camera control software. Optional LRGB and UBVRI filter sets are available from SBIG. The front cover of the camera is easily removed for changing filters. Since the CCD is in a separate sealed chamber, removal of the front cover to change filters does not expose the CCD to dust or air and the desiccant does not need to be recharged after replacing the cover.

Kodak KAI-4021M CCD Specification (Kodak)

 

Specifications

CCD KAI-4021M Class One class with no column defects
Total Pixels 4.2 million Peak QE 55%
Array 2048 x 2048 pixels Image Area 15.2 x 15.2 mm
Pixel Size 7.4 microns square FOV at 1 arcsec / pixel 0.6 x 0.6 degrees
Antiblooming Yes Focal Length at 1 arcsec / pixel 60 inches

 


Kodak KAI-4021M CCD Quantum Efficiency Performance (Kodak)

The built-in guiding CCD is a TC-237H frame transfer device with high sensitivity and a 657x495 pixel array. The optional remote guiding head contains an identical TC-237H CCD. When the remote head is attached to the main camera the user can select either the internal or the remote guiding CCD for self-guiding a long exposure.

CCD Specifications

Imaging CCD Kodak Enhanced KAI-4020M (Class 2) Full Well Capacity (NABG) 40,000 e-
Pixel Array 2048 x 2048 pixels, 15.2 x 15.2 mm Dark Current 1e-/pixel/second @ 0 degrees C
Total Pixels 4.2 million Antiblooming ABG only
Pixel Size 7.4 x 7.4 microns    

 

Readout Specifications

Shutter Electromechanical A/D Gain 0.72e¯/ADU
Exposure 0.01 to 3600 seconds, 10ms resolution Read Noise <15e¯ RMS
Correlated Double Sampling Yes Binning Modes 1 x 1, 2 x 2, 3 x 3
A/D Converter 16 bits Full Frame Download 9.8 seconds

 

System Specifications

Cooling (standard) Two-Stage Thermoelectric, Water Assist, -50 C from Ambient Typical
Temperature Regulation ±0.1°C
Power 10 – 18VDC, 12VDC nominal, Universal AC to 12VDC desktop supply
Computer Interface USB 1.1
Computer Compatibility Windows 95/98/NT/2000/Me/XP
Guiding Dual CCD Self-Guiding Standard, Remote Guiding Head Optional

 

Physical Specifications

Dimensions 6.5 x 6 x 3.5” (16.5 x 15.2x8.9cm)
Weight 4 pounds (1.8 Kg) without filters
Internal Filter Carousel 5 positions for 48mm threaded cells or 2” unmounted filters
Mounting 2” nosepiece included
Backfocus Approximately 1.7 inches (~4.3 cm) with 2" nosepiece attached

This two STL-4020 CCD Camera are attached to twin TMB 152 for Whitelight and H-Alpha observation of the sun.

2. CCD for CaK Telescopes: SBIG ST-2000XM

Model ST-2000XM uses an high quality interline CCD from Kodak, the KODAK DIGITAL SCIENCE™ KAI-2001M Image Sensor Megapixel Progressive Scan Interline CCD. The KODAK DIGITAL SCIENCE™ KAI-2001M is a high-performance multi-megapixel image sensor designed for a wide range of scientific, medical imaging, and machine vision applications.


ST-7.jpg (21201 bytes)

ST-2000XM CCD IMAGING CAMERA (SBIG)

The 7.4 mm square pixels with microlenses provide high sensitivity and the large full well capacity results in high dynamic range. The vertical overflow drain structure provides antiblooming protection, and enables electronic shuttering for precise exposure control. Other features include low dark current, negligible lag and low smear.


image002.jpg (7152 bytes)

KAI-2000M 2 Megapixel CCD (Kodak)

The KAI-2001M CCD is a 2 megapixel progressive scan detector with an active image area of 1.92 million pixels. The active image area is 1600 x 1200 pixels. The ST-2000XM is a self-guiding camera, utilizing SBIG's patented dual sensor design. The imaging CCD is nearly the same size as the KAF-1602E used in the ST-8XE but due to the smaller pixel size it contains nearly half a million more pixels than the ST-8XE. Full frame download time is approximately 4.5 seconds with our new high speed USB electronics. This camera is also fully compatible with all of our existing accessories such as the CFW8 filter wheel and AO-7 adaptive optics device. The ST-2000XM has antiblooming protection and the quantum efficiency is comparable to the ABG versions of the new enhanced full frame "E" detectors used in the ST-7XE cameras with a shift in the peak sensitivity toward the blue. Compared to the ABG versions of the full frame "E" series cameras, the ST-2000XM is more sensitive in the blue and green, and slightly less sensitive in the red. Moreover, because the ST-2000XM has two CCDs (a guiding CCD as well as an imaging CCD) in the same camera head, it is capable of self-guiding without any compromise in the quantum efficiency of the imaging CCD. In other words, not only CAN it self-guide, it can do so without having to double the exposure time to compensate for the guiding feature.

CCD Specifications

CCD Kodak KAI-2020M + TI TC-237H Full Well Capacity (Unbinned) ~45,000 e-
Pixel Array 1600 x 1200 pixels, 11.8 x 8.9 mm Full Well Capacity (Binned) ~90,000 e-
Total Pixels 1.92 million Typical Dark Current < 0.1e¯/pixel/sec at 0° C
Pixel Size 7.4 x 7.4 microns Antiblooming Standard

 

Readout Specifications

Shutter Electromechanical Typical Read Noise < 8 e- RMS
Exposure 0.001 to 3600 seconds Binning Modes 1 x 1, 2 x 2, 3 x 3, and 1 x N, 2 x N, 3 x N
Correlated Double Sampling Yes Digitization Rate ~ 425khz
A/D Converter 16 bits Full Frame Acquisition ~ 4.5 seconds
A/D Gain Unbinned = 0.6 e-/ADU
Binned = 1.4 e-/ADU
   

 

System Specifications

Cooling - standard

Single Stage Thermoelectric, Active Fan with Water Assist
-35 C from Ambient Typical without water
-45 C from Ambient Typical with water

Temperature Regulation

±0.1°C

Power

5 VDC at 1.5 amps, ±12 VDC at 0.5 amp desktop power supply included

Computer Interface

USB

Computer Compatibility

Windows 98/2000/Me/NT/XP

Guiding

Dual CCD Self-Guiding

 

Physical Dimensions

Optical Head

5 inches diameter x 3 inches 12.5 cm diameter x 7.5 deep 2 pounds/0.9 Kg

CPU

All electronics integrated into Optical Head, No CPU

Mounting

T-Thread, 1.25" and 2" nosepieces included

Backfocus

0.92 inches

This camera attached to Coronado Solar Max 70 for observing the sun in CaK line.

3. Astrovid-SolarCam B&W CCD Video Imaging System

The ASTROVID SolarCam™ is a 2/3 inch monochromes video camera system especially well suited to solar imaging. The ASTROVID SolarCam™ works well for white light, H-alpha nad Calcium observing.


Astrovid-SolarCam (AVA)

The ASTROVID SolarCam™ video camera has greatly increased sensitivity to infrared radiation to approximately 1100nm. This should not be an issue with narrowband H-alpha and Calcium filters. These filters to be safe for visual use, must block out IR radiation.

For white light observations, we highly recommend the Baader Planetarium Solar Continuum Filter and also the Baader Planetarium Neutral Density filters. A Wratten green #56 or green #58 filter can also be substituted. These filters will greatly increase the contrast of fine solar surface detail.

Other filters such as the greens, blues and neutral density filter can also be used with H-alpha and Calcium Solar filters to get the light to acceptable levels to show fine solar surface structure and prominences.

The SolarCam™ has manual controls that should accommodate any solar imaging Situation including white light and narrowband. The compact size of the SolarCam™ will allow it to adapt to any size telescope.

The Astrovid SolarCam System includes, Camera Head with Sony 2/3" Chipset, 25' Shielded BNC to RCA Video Cable, Power Cable, 110 Volt Power Supply, C - 1.25 Inch Adapter, Instructions, One Year Warranty.


Rear-view of Astrovid SolarCam (AVA)

This three units video camera are attached to PST H-Alpha telescope, Vixen 80M Telescope and finderscope.

Technical Specifications
CCD Size 2/3” Flickerless 1/100 (EIA), 1/120 (CCIR)
Effective Pixel 768 x 494 Gain AGC (0-20db), Manual (POT on rear panel) / Fixed at 13db
Chip Size 10.25 x 8.5 Random Shutter

Fast 1/1000000 second electronic shutter w/one pulse variable integration

Cell Size 11.6 x 13.5 Trigger x 3

 

Random shutter trigger (reset or non-reset)

Two pulse variable integration random trigger (reset or non-reset)

Fixed Integration random shutter trigger (reset or non-reset)

Scan Size 8.91 x 6.67 Ext. Trigger Signals Positive / Negative modes H level=3~5V, L Level=0~0.6V
Signal Format EIA Reset / Restart Integration time controlled by external VD (requires ext. HD and VD)
Horz. Freq. (KHz) 15.734 WEN Active high, H level=3~5V, L level=0~0.6V
Vert. Freq. (Hz) 59.94 Power Input 12VDC (10.5~15V)
Horz. Resolution 570 Power Current

220mA (STC-700), 180mA(STC-720), 175mA(STC-730), 170mA(STC-700E)

Lens Mount C-Mount Operating Temp -5°C~+45°C 20~80% (No Condensation)
Sync. System

Internal or External (Auto detect of HD input pulse at ‘Ext. Position’ of thesync switch)

Storage Temp -30°C~+60°C 20~80% (No Condensation)
Ext. Sync. Signal

HD/VD (H:2~5V, L;0~0.6V), 15.734KHz ± 1.0% (EIA)15.625KHz ± 1.0% (CCIR).

Input impedance switchable (75Ω or high impedance) for HD/VD

Temp. Range 0°C~+40°C
Scanning System 2:1 Interlace (Internal Sync.) Vibration 10G (20~200Hz)
S/N Ratio 56db at zero gain Shock 70G
Gamma Correction On (0.45) / Off (1.0) Size 44(W) x 29(H) x 72.7(D) From C-Mount to 12 Pin Connector
Integration Mode Frame or Field Weight 97g
Electronic Shutter 1/250, 1/500, 1/1000, 1/2000, 1/4000, 1/10000 (EIA)    

 

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